• In summary the different types of interstitial

  2024-03-13

  

  In summary, the different types of interstitial cells found in the current study are illustrated in Fig. 7A (see legend for further details), which is suggestive of a heterogeneous complex network of interstitial cells communicating with each other. The possible signaling pathways involving this int

• Medium spiny neurons MSNs in the

  2024-03-13

  

  Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum start from a deeply hyperpolarized resting membrane potential, slowly depolarize and show a delayed start of firing during a current injection (Kawaguchi, 1993, Nisenbaum and Wilson, 1995, Planert et al., 2013). The firing pattern during the current inject

• A number of studies suggest that adiponectin promotes osteob

  2024-03-13

  

  A number of studies suggest that adiponectin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation by directly targeting GSK-3β and β-Catenin signaling [64], [65], favoring bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation toward the osteoblastic lineage [66], [67], decreasing sympathetic to

• br Patients and methods The severity of

  2024-03-13

  

  Patients and methods The severity of disease documented at each outpatient visit was graded according to the modified Osserman classification: grade I, focal disease (e.g. restricted to ocular muscles); grade II, generalised disease that is mild (IIa) or moderate (IIb); grade III, severe generali

• Very recently Niessen et al have described the resensitizing

  2024-03-12

  

  Very recently, Niessen et al. have described the resensitizing effect of MB327 on nAChR performing solid-supported membrane (SSM)-based electrophysiological experiments (Niessen et al., 2016) using plasma membrane preparations obtained from Torpedo californica. These findings validated and underline

• br Materials and methods br Results The clinical characteris

  2024-03-12

  

  Materials and methods Results The clinical characteristics of the two selected groups are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the enzyme activity of ATX in CSF of MS patients (59.90±3.09nmol/min/ml±SEM) was significantly higher (p Discussion Numerous studies have so far shown that ATX tak

• br Innate immune mechanisms that confront viral infection

  2024-03-12

  

  Innate immune mechanisms that confront viral infection Autophagy induction by virus sensing Antiviral xenophagy and virophagy The presence of viral particles within autophagosomal structures has been visualized in only rare instances. This is the case for HSV-1 when it is devoided of ICP34.

• Roles of Aurora kinases in directly activating multiple onco

  2024-03-12

  

  Roles of Aurora kinases in directly activating multiple oncogenic pathways and promoting proliferation as well as transformation have also been demonstrated. Aurora-A has been shown to up-regulate telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA through c-myc [26]. The kinase was also implicated in activating

• br Materials and Methods br Results

  2024-03-12

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion 15-HETE is a predominant eicosanoid in pulmonary vascular remodeling, and it could promote hypoxia-induced PAH via its involvement in the regulation of proliferation and cell cycle progression in PASMCs. To understand its role in HPH, we have previou

• Hypoxia induced replication arrest has been

  2024-03-12

  

  Hypoxia-induced replication arrest has been demonstrated in a variety of organisms in addition to mammals; including Zebrafish , , and (brine shrimp) which have been shown to survive for 4 years and longer in anoxic conditions . Despite this breadth of study, little is known about the mechanism of h

• CID 755673 australia br Introduction It is well known that w

  2024-03-12

  

  Introduction It is well known that when epithelial cells are deprived of anchorage, they undergo detachment-induced apoptosis, also known as anoikis. Cancer cells, by contrast, are able to suppress anoikis and survive under anchorage -independent conditions in the circulating system, which is tho

• br Materials and methods br Conflict of

  2024-03-12

  

  Materials and methods Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Christine Heiner (Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh) for her critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01GM115366, R01CA160417, and R01CA

• br Experimental methods br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2024-03-12

  

  Experimental methods Acknowledgments Introduction Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at excitatory synapses are thought to underlie experience-dependent learning and memory. These synaptic plasticity mechanisms are best characterized at hippocampal CA1 synapses, whe

• TASIN-1 br Acknowledgments This work was supported by a gran

  2024-03-12

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project no. PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0571, awarded to F.A.M. D.V.N. was co-financed from the European Social Fund through Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Develo

• Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels in

  2024-03-11

  

  Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels in the brains of patients with depression, indicating that the glutamate system plays a crucial role in depression (Sanacora et al., 2004; Kendell et al., 2005; Hashimoto et al., 2007). Furthermore, several clinically effective antidepressant drug

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